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1. Question
What is the name of the structure that allows bacteria to stick to a surface?
CorrectExplanation – critical information to remember
Pili are small short “hairs” called fimbriae on the surface of bacteria that can be used in the exchange of genetic material between bacteria and in cell adhesion. Bacterial flagellum is a long “tail” made of flagellin that provides locomotion to a bacterial cell. In eukaryotes, flagellum is made of microtubules. Clathrin is a receptor protein on the surface of a cell. A nucleoid region is where the DNA exists in a bacterial cell as it does not have a nucleus. Teichoic acids are found only on gram-positive bacteria and help keep the cell wall rigid.
Further Details – useful if you had trouble with the question
Q: What is the name of the structure that allows bacteria to stick to a surface?
A. Flagella
The flagella of a bacteria does not have any adhesive capabilities; therefore the answer choice is incorrect. The flagella functions as a means of cell motility. In bacteria (which are prokaryotes), the flagella is constructed from the protein flagellin rather than microtubules (which are found in eukaryotic flagella).B. Clathrin
Clathrin is not a structure that functions in sticking to surfaces; therefore the answer choice is incorrect. Clathrin is a protein that coats vesicles and plays a critical role in their formation, as well as their incorporation into the cell membrane during exocytosis and endocytosis.C. Nucleoid region
The nucleoid region of a cell is the area within prokaryotic cells that contains its genetic material; therefore the answer choice is incorrect. The nucleoid region is irregularly shaped and typically contains the genome of a prokaryote in the form of a double-stranded, circular DNA molecule. It is important to note that the nucleoid is a region and not a membrane-bound organelle (in contrast to the eukaryotic nucleus).D. Teichoic acids
Teichoic acids, found on the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria, provide cell wall rigidity and are used as recognition and binding sites by bacterial viruses, but do not function in sticking to surfaces; therefore the answer choice is incorrect.E. Pili
The pilus (plural pili), an appendage found on the surface of some bacterial cells, is used for cell adhesion, so the answer choice is correct. The pilus also functions in bacterial conjugation, during which it acts as a bridge to connect the “donor” bacteria (which contains the F plasmid that allows for pilus formation) to a recipient bacteria. This allows for an exchange for genetic material and can introduce genetic variation.IncorrectExplanation – critical information to remember
Pili are small short “hairs” called fimbriae on the surface of bacteria that can be used in the exchange of genetic material between bacteria and in cell adhesion. Bacterial flagellum is a long “tail” made of flagellin that provides locomotion to a bacterial cell. In eukaryotes, flagellum is made of microtubules. Clathrin is a receptor protein on the surface of a cell. A nucleoid region is where the DNA exists in a bacterial cell as it does not have a nucleus. Teichoic acids are found only on gram-positive bacteria and help keep the cell wall rigid.
Further Details – useful if you had trouble with the question
Q: What is the name of the structure that allows bacteria to stick to a surface?
A. Flagella
The flagella of a bacteria does not have any adhesive capabilities; therefore the answer choice is incorrect. The flagella functions as a means of cell motility. In bacteria (which are prokaryotes), the flagella is constructed from the protein flagellin rather than microtubules (which are found in eukaryotic flagella).B. Clathrin
Clathrin is not a structure that functions in sticking to surfaces; therefore the answer choice is incorrect. Clathrin is a protein that coats vesicles and plays a critical role in their formation, as well as their incorporation into the cell membrane during exocytosis and endocytosis.C. Nucleoid region
The nucleoid region of a cell is the area within prokaryotic cells that contains its genetic material; therefore the answer choice is incorrect. The nucleoid region is irregularly shaped and typically contains the genome of a prokaryote in the form of a double-stranded, circular DNA molecule. It is important to note that the nucleoid is a region and not a membrane-bound organelle (in contrast to the eukaryotic nucleus).D. Teichoic acids
Teichoic acids, found on the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria, provide cell wall rigidity and are used as recognition and binding sites by bacterial viruses, but do not function in sticking to surfaces; therefore the answer choice is incorrect.E. Pili
The pilus (plural pili), an appendage found on the surface of some bacterial cells, is used for cell adhesion, so the answer choice is correct. The pilus also functions in bacterial conjugation, during which it acts as a bridge to connect the “donor” bacteria (which contains the F plasmid that allows for pilus formation) to a recipient bacteria. This allows for an exchange for genetic material and can introduce genetic variation.